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https://profitvisionlab.com/academy/

Synology active backup for business 即時還原 虛擬機

  環境:

synology Active Backup for Business

透過"即時還原"功能 ，快速還原整台虛擬機

設定過程:

在Active Backup for Business備份的虛擬機，可以全部完整還原到esxi/hyperv主機上，因為要將所有資料還原回去，時間需要比較久。

但今天只要想要測試一下，可以在還原時，選擇"即時還原"。

這樣的話，還原是將synology掛載到esxi上變成一個datastore，所以還原過程不到幾分鐘就完成了。

可以馬上開始使用，但任何資料異動，會另外儲存，不會寫入虛擬機的vmdk中。

測試ok沒問題，就先關機，回到synology Active Backup for Business中，在還原工作裡找到剛剛的那個工作，選擇"取消"，這台虛擬機就會從esxi/hyperv上刪除，datastore也會被卸載，都不需要在esxi/hyperv上做刪除。

Environment:

Synology Active Backup for Business
Instant Restore of a Virtual Machine

Overview:

Active Backup for Business can fully restore a virtual machine to an ESXi or Hyper-V host. Since the entire VM and all of its data must be copied back, a full restore can take a considerable amount of time.

If you only need to quickly test or verify a backup, you can use the Instant Restore feature instead.

How Instant Restore Works:

1. In Active Backup for Business, select the virtual machine and choose Instant Restore.
2. During the restore process, Synology mounts the backup repository to the ESXi or Hyper-V host as a datastore.
3. Because the VM runs directly from the backup storage, the restore process typically completes within a few minutes.
4. The virtual machine can be powered on and used immediately.

Any changes made while the VM is running are stored separately and are not written back to the original VMDK files.

Cleanup After Testing:

Once testing is complete:

1. Shut down the virtual machine.
2. Return to Active Backup for Business.
3. Open the Restore Tasks list.
4. Locate the Instant Restore task and select Cancel.

Active Backup for Business will automatically:

• Remove the virtual machine from the ESXi/Hyper-V host.
• Unmount the temporary datastore.

No manual cleanup is required on the ESXi or Hyper-V host.

synology Active Backup for Business虛擬機備份後 只還原特定檔案

 環境:

synology Active Backup for Business

備份整台虛擬機

異常狀況:

需要還原特定檔案，但不想花時間先還原整台虛擬機

解決過程:

在Active Backup for Business的確是只有整台虛擬機還原的選項。

但可以到Active Backup for Business Portal 裡面，在左上角可以選擇你備份的其中一台虛擬機。

畫面下方就會有時間軸讓你選擇備份的時間點，畫面中間就是每個磁區，你就可以點進去查看裡面所有的檔案，針對需要還原的檔案直接下載到本機中就行了。

Environment:

Synology Active Backup for Business

Virtual Machine Backup

Issue:

You need to restore specific files from a virtual machine backup, but you do not want to spend the time restoring the entire virtual machine first.

Resolution:

Although Active Backup for Business only provides an option to restore the entire virtual machine, you can restore individual files through Active Backup for Business Portal.

1. Open Active Backup for Business Portal.
2. In the upper-left corner, select the backed-up virtual machine.
3. Use the timeline at the bottom of the page to choose the desired backup point.
4. The center pane will display all the virtual disks.
5. Browse the disks to locate the required files or folders.
6. Download the selected files directly to your local computer.

This method allows you to restore individual files without having to restore the entire virtual machine first, saving both time and storage space.

AD匯入admx

 AD裡GPO有些設定不在內建的選單中，但可以透過下載admx檔，增加要透過GPO派送的設定。

以m365 office為例，可以先去下載它的admx檔(https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=49030)。

下載的時後雖然只有英文版，但下載完，執行後，會將相關的檔案解壓縮在一個資料夾中。

裡面會有admx跟adml檔。

https://www.wisecleaner.com/think-tank/764-How-to-Install-ADMX-and-ADML-for-Microsoft-Edge-Group-Policy-Management.html

windbg 查看 memory dmp檔

環境:

win11

windbg

異常狀況:

用windbg 開啟dmp檔，看不到裡面的log分析。

解決過程:

點選 command browser。

執行 !analyze -v ，就會出現記錄，可以查看是什麼原因造成系統異常。

solidworks 按 del 鍵沒反應

環境:

solidworks

異常狀況:

del 鍵失效，在圖中對任何東西按下del鍵，都無法刪除，沒任何反應

解決過程:

solidworks內對刪除的快速鍵設定不見造成此問題。

從"工具" ->"自定"->"鍵盤"，裡面會有"刪除"的快速鍵可以設定，這邊選擇del鍵，就可以恢復del鍵的刪除功能。

Environment:

SolidWorks

Issue:

The Delete (Del) key stops working.
Pressing the Del key on any object within a drawing or model has no effect, and nothing is deleted.

Resolution:

The issue is caused by the Delete keyboard shortcut assignment being removed or changed within SolidWorks.

To restore the Delete key function:

1. Go to Tools → Customize.
2. Select the Keyboard tab.
3. Locate the command Delete.
4. Assign the Del key as its keyboard shortcut.
5. Apply the changes.

After reassigning the shortcut, the Del key will function normally and can be used to delete objects again.

commvault Alert: Index State Type: Custom Rules - Index State

   環境:

commvault

異常狀況:

突然每天都會收到這個警告信，但備份工作都正常，不知是哪邊有問題。

後來發現這個backupset底下的所有虛擬機備份，在這警告信出現前的備份都可以正常還原。

在開始發出警告信後的備份，還原時都會出現錯誤:Could not perform the operation as Log restore failed for Job 161471. Please check Index Server log for more details。

解決過程:

參考ai上的作法，在commvault主機上的C:\Program Files\Commvault\ContentStore\IndexCache，底下有CvIdxDB跟CvIdxLogs資料夾

在裡面找到跟上面DbName相同名稱的資料夾，把他們改名。

重新建立還原工作，系統就會重建裡面的內容，恢復正常~~但試過沒用。

後來重新啟動完整備份，還是一樣的錯誤。

最後解法就是，建一個新的backupset，在裡面對虛擬機建立新的備份工作，備份完測試，可正常還原。

Environment:

Commvault

Issue:

An alert email suddenly started appearing every day, although all backup jobs were completing successfully and no obvious issues were found.

Further investigation showed that:

• Backups of all virtual machines under this Backupset that were created before the alert emails started could be restored normally.

• Backups created after the alerts began failed during restore with the following error:

Error:
Could not perform the operation as Log restore failed for Job 161471. Please check Index Server log for more details.

Troubleshooting Process:

Based on suggestions found online, the following method was attempted:

1. On the Commvault server, navigate to:
   C:\Program Files\Commvault\ContentStore\IndexCache

2. Locate the folders under CvIdxDB and CvIdxLogs that have the same name as the DbName shown in the error.

3. Rename those folders.

4. Create a new restore job so the system can rebuild the index data.

However, this method did not resolve the issue.

A Full Backup was then executed again, but the restore error still occurred.

Final Resolution:

The issue was resolved by:

1. Creating a new Backupset.

2. Creating a new backup job for the virtual machines within that Backupset.

3. Running the backup again.

After the new backup completed, restore tests were performed and the restore worked normally.

安裝win11 抓不到pcie ssd硬碟。

 環境:

acer主機

Intel 13代 cpu

pcie ssd

異常狀況:

安裝win11，一直抓不到ssd硬碟。

上acer官網找到了irst的驅動，安裝時這個驅動也不支援，還是找不到硬碟。

上intel官網抓到最新一代的irst驅動，卻是exe檔，在win11安裝過程，也沒辦法安裝

解決過程:

intel官網抓到最新一代的irst驅動是exe檔，需在其他台電腦，用powershell指令，去解壓縮，裡面就會有driver這個資料夾。

安裝win11時就可以透過裡面的檔案，載入pcie ssd。

1. 在包含SetupRST.exe檔的目錄中打開終端，方法是右鍵按兩下目錄並在此處選擇「在終端中打開」或「打開 PowerShell」。您可能必須在目錄上按 SHIFT 鍵，才能看到要選擇的正確選項。
2. 透過執行命令 ./SetupRST.exe -extractdrivers SetupRST_extracted 來解壓縮預安裝驅動程式

Environment:

Acer desktop/laptop
Intel 13th Gen CPU
PCIe SSD

Issue:

During Windows 11 installation, the SSD drive is not detected.

The Intel Rapid Storage Technology (IRST) driver downloaded from the Acer support website was loaded during setup, but the SSD still could not be detected.

A newer IRST driver was found on Intel's website, but it was provided as an .exe installer, which cannot be installed directly during the Windows 11 installation process.

Resolution:

The latest Intel IRST package downloaded from Intel's website must first be extracted on another computer.

1. Download the latest SetupRST.exe from Intel.
2. Open a terminal (PowerShell or Command Prompt) in the folder containing SetupRST.exe.
3. Run the following command:

.\SetupRST.exe -extractdrivers SetupRST_extracted

This will extract the pre-installation drivers into a folder named SetupRST_extracted.

To open a terminal in the correct folder:

• Right-click within the folder and select "Open in Terminal" or "Open PowerShell window here".
• On some Windows versions, you may need to hold the SHIFT key while right-clicking to see the appropriate option.

4. Copy the extracted driver files to the Windows 11 installation USB drive.
5. During Windows 11 setup, select Load Driver when choosing the installation disk.
6. Browse to the extracted driver folder and load the IRST driver.

After loading the extracted driver, the PCIe SSD will be detected and Windows 11 installation can proceed normally.

MS SQL 維護計劃 備份到NAS共用資料夾

環境:

AD

NAS

MS SQL

異常狀況:

MS SQL 維護計劃 在設定DB備份的路徑，不能指定到NAS上的共用資料夾。

解決過程:

維護計劃在備份時，執行的身份通常是預設的一個系統服務帳號，可以到"服務"去查。

因為沒辦法在NAS上的共用資料夾上指派存取權限給這個帳號。

所以要換個方法

1.先在AD建立一個群組，然後把MS SQL這台主機的電腦帳號，加到這個群組。

2.接著在NAS上的共用資料夾，指派AD群組有修改權限。

這樣就完成了，備份時，這台主機就直接有權限讀寫，不會被SQL服務執行的身份給影響。

Environment:

Active Directory (AD)

NAS

Microsoft SQL Server

Issue:

When configuring a database backup destination in an MS SQL Server Maintenance Plan, the backup cannot be written directly to a shared folder on a NAS.

Resolution:

When a Maintenance Plan runs, it typically executes under the security context of a SQL Server service account (which can be identified in Services).

Since it is often not possible to assign permissions on the NAS shared folder directly to this service account, the following approach can be used:

1. Create a new Active Directory security group.
2. Add the computer account of the SQL Server to this AD group.
3. On the NAS shared folder, grant the AD group Modify permissions.

With this configuration, the SQL Server host can access the shared folder using its computer account permissions, allowing the Maintenance Plan to read from and write to the NAS share without being affected by the specific SQL Server service account being used.

Backup exec 備份MS SQL時 只能完整備份

 環境:

Backup exec 

Commvault

MS SQL

異常狀況:

Backup exec 備份MS SQL時，，設定差異備份，還是只會執行完整備份

解決過程:

Commvault 虛擬機備份設定中，如果選擇了File System and Application Consistent，就會把之前Backup exec 對MS SQL備份的備份鏈資訊重置，造成Backup exec之後備份必須做完整備份。

所以要把Commvault 虛擬機備份設定改成下面的Crash Consisten。

Environment:

Backup Exec

Commvault

Microsoft SQL Server

Issue:

When using Backup Exec to back up MS SQL Server, the job is configured for Differential Backup, but it always performs a Full Backup instead.

Resolution:

In the Commvault virtual machine backup settings, if “File System and Application Consistent” is enabled, it resets the SQL backup chain information previously created by Backup Exec.

As a result, Backup Exec is forced to perform a new Full Backup before Differential Backups can continue.

To avoid this issue, change the Commvault VM backup setting from:

• File System and Application Consistent

to:

• Crash Consistent